Here is Why Indian Manufacturing is Struggling

Post-1947, India began a transformative journey, with factories seen as "temples of modern India" by Nehru.

[{"selector":"#anim-2de05e7f-cc02-4002-aa8b-a24339b656b6 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(0%, 2.7581644055565207e-7%) scale(0.9090909090909091)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-dd2a32d3-8f74-4449-bff0-c46a0b6a2a08","keyframes":{"opacity":[1,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-3df6bcc7-488e-467c-b832-ebf17281d95e","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(3)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}]

Nehru balanced industrialization with high import duties, protecting domestic industries from cheaper imports.

[{"selector":"#anim-6d1cdff5-0c21-4ae3-996b-f3a2f8ca2e12 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(0%, 2.7581644055565207e-7%) scale(0.9090909090909091)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-8a694eae-e361-4733-bda6-2cbf8f1c4d7f","keyframes":{"opacity":[1,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-bae573d7-ce22-4831-902f-156f9254652f","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(3)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}]

India faced a foreign exchange crisis in the 1990s, turning to the IMF for loans and embracing economic liberalization.

[{"selector":"#anim-f5dbe05b-3c78-43bd-aaa8-a9dbd0c9fd81 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(0%, 2.7581644055565207e-7%) scale(0.9090909090909091)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-764035ec-b763-45a6-aa60-30acb38031fa","keyframes":{"opacity":[1,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-ea304402-697f-468c-a9ae-d534421115f2","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(3)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}]

India followed IMF, liberalized economy, cut import duties, but lacked comprehensive reforms for full transformation.

[{"selector":"#anim-0933f9e0-071c-400e-8e4a-c580cea44ed5 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(0%, 2.7581644055565207e-7%) scale(0.9090909090909091)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-24eb2af1-22bd-453e-9020-93fce7018b8e","keyframes":{"opacity":[1,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-cd530e47-364e-429d-a296-5ce231653ecb","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(3)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}]

Red tape, corruption impede law implementation, hampering manufacturing industry growth and potential.

[{"selector":"#anim-6c797c58-0aa2-4f2a-bb2e-9ef9a3a1cb19 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(-3.115376109169066%, -0.05580274127392282%) scale(0.9090909090909091)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-b1967659-ee9e-4e18-8b25-33e1d1efec59","keyframes":{"opacity":[1,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-edfe20ee-ac0b-49e0-a5fd-af33b7acece8","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(3)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}]

In 2000s, Indian firms outsourced manufacturing abroad, importing products to cut costs, closing local industries.

[{"selector":"#anim-580c5184-1196-4696-b75a-d6d8e735c3d8 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(0%, 2.7581644055565207e-7%) scale(0.9090909090909091)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-4d6c6db1-5b66-4577-af2e-6b6b427af35a","keyframes":{"opacity":[1,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-1b583787-f6fc-4de8-9c32-cd80398ee0c7","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(3)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}]

India relies heavily on imports, causing domestic industries to close due to cheaper imports' competition.

[{"selector":"#anim-c76400bd-e5bd-49d1-93eb-c03b1aac8bf6 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(-0.5964381770342243%, -0.20799430979969724%) scale(0.9090909090909091)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-89ca3209-f29b-4d6e-b236-ec8a7310535d","keyframes":{"opacity":[1,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-098a20da-ec6e-4592-99b8-37de39e7d68a","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(3)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}]

Indian calcium carbide industry relied on foreign imports, causing closures despite heavy import duty presence.

[{"selector":"#anim-cc2e7b06-5f33-42ab-81e1-53afac6b88f3 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(0%, 2.7581644055565207e-7%) scale(0.9090909090909091)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-3efd8234-c7df-4156-9243-8059b82f8bfe","keyframes":{"opacity":[1,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-450b81c0-4fd3-42d2-a9b5-368e70aade20","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(3)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}]

CLICK HERE TO READ

[{"selector":"#anim-6e9349c5-9f9c-4116-b704-d705c82fc2c8","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(1)","scale(1.5)","scale(0.95)","scale(1)"],"offset":[0,0.33,0.66,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1000,"easing":"ease-in-out","fill":"both","iterations":1}]